一、弗吉尼亚
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Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most-populous city, and Fairfax County is the most-populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population as of 2019 is over 8.54 million, with 36% of them living in the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area.弗吉尼亚州全称为弗吉尼亚联邦，位于美国东南部中大西洋沿岸。蓝脊山脉以及切萨皮克湾塑造了弗吉尼亚的地貌，建立了其独有的气候条件，形成当地动植物特有的栖息环境。弗吉尼亚州首府为里士满，人口最多城市为弗吉尼亚海滩，人口最多的次级行政单位则是费尔法克斯县。据2019年人口调查统计，弗吉尼亚人口超过854万，其中36%的人口都居住在巴尔的摩-华盛顿都市圈。In 1607 the London Company established the Colony fo Virginia as the first permanent English colony in the New World. Virginia's state nickname, the Old Dominion, is a reference to this status. Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution. In the American Civil War, Virginia's Secession Convention resolved to join the Confederacy while the First Wheeling Convention resolved to remain in the Union, leading to a split that created West Virginia.1607年，伦敦公司在北美新大陆建立了第一个英国永久殖民地——弗吉尼亚殖民地，“老自治领”这一别称也正是反映了这一历史事实。弗吉尼亚是美国独立战争期间十三殖民地之一；在内战时期，弗吉尼亚议会主持会议，意图脱离联邦并加入南方邦联，但同时西部地区召开了第一次威灵会议，主张留在联邦，最终弗吉尼亚分裂，西弗吉尼亚成立。Virginia's economy has many sectors: agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley; federal agencies in Northern Virginia, including the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agency; and military facilities in Hampton Roads, the site of the region's main seaport.弗吉尼亚经济结构多样：雪伦多亚河谷以农业为主，北弗吉尼亚为国防部以及中情局总部等联邦机构的所在地，此外还有若干军事设施建立在作为地区主要港口的汉普顿港群一带。二、华盛顿（州）
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State of Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, bordered by British Columbia of Canada to the north, Oregon to the south, Idaho to the east and the Pacific to the west. The capital of Washington is Olympia; Seattle is the biggest city as well as the center where the biggest metropolitan area is located. The state is named after the founding father of the United States, the first president George Washington, to establish a commemoration. Washingtion was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in Nov 11, 1889. 华盛顿州位于美国大西洋西北地区，北邻加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省、南邻俄勒冈、东邻爱达荷、西邻太平洋。州首府为奥林匹亚，最大城市和都会区为西雅图和西雅图都会区。为了纪念国父兼首任总统乔治·华盛顿，华盛顿州以前者的名字命名并成立。1889年，华盛顿州获得州地位，成为第42个加入联邦的州。三、西弗吉尼亚图片
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West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered by Pennsylvania to the northeast, Maryland to the east, Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, and Ohio to the northwest. West Virginia is the 41st-largest state by area and ranks 38th in population, with around 1.792 million residents. The capital and largest city is Charleston.西弗吉尼亚州位于美国东南部阿巴拉契亚山脉旁中大西洋沿岸地区，东北与宾夕法尼亚相邻、东邻马里兰、东南邻弗吉尼亚、西南邻肯塔基、西北邻俄亥俄。西弗吉尼亚面积位居第41，人口数量排名第38， 约为179.2万，州首府为查尔斯顿。West Virginia became a state after the Wheeling Conventions of 1861, at the start of the American Civil War. Delegates from northwestern Virginia's Unionist counties decided to break away from Virginia, which also included secessionist counties in the new state. West Virginia was admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863, and was a key border state during the war. It was the only state to form by separating from a Confederate state, the first to separate from a state since Maine separated from Massachusetts, and one of two states (along with Nevada) admitted to the Union furing the civil War. Some of its residents held slaves, but most were yeoman farmers, and the delegates provided for gradual abolition of slavery in the new state constitution. The state legislature ratified the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery on February 3, 1865.1861年内战爆发，在威灵会议结束后，西弗吉尼亚成为了一个州。来自弗吉尼亚西北各县决定留在联邦的代表选择脱离弗吉尼亚，新成立的州也不乏一些主张加入南方的县。1863年6月20日，西弗吉尼亚正式加入联邦，在内战期间成为了前线州。西弗吉尼亚是唯一脱离南方邦联州并成立的州，也是自缅因脱离马萨诸塞后第一个从某个州脱离的州，此外也是内战期间唯二加入联邦的州（还有一个是内华达）。西弗吉尼亚也不乏一些蓄奴者，但大多都是自耕农，州议会代表也在新建立的州宪法中保证以循序渐进的方式废除奴隶制。1865年2月3日，西弗吉尼亚州立法机构签署第十三修正案，正式废除奴隶制。四、威斯康辛
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Wisconsin is a state in the Upper Widwest region of the United States, bordered by Minnesota to the west; Iowa to the southwest; Illinois to the south; Lake Michigan to the east; Michigan to the northeast; and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin is the 23rd-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. The state capital is Madison, and its largest city is Milwaukee, which is on the western shore of Lake Michigan. The state is divided into 72 counties.威斯康辛州位于美国上中西部地区，西邻明尼苏达、西北邻衣阿华、南邻伊利诺伊、东邻密歇根湖、东北邻密歇根、北邻苏必利尔湖。威斯康辛面积位居第23，人口排名第20，州首府麦迪逊，最大城市密尔沃基，位于密歇根湖西岸。威斯康辛下辖72个县。The Northern Highland and Western Upland along with a part of the Central Plain occupies the western part of the state, with lowlands stretching to the shore of Lake Michigan. Wisconsin is third to Ontario and Michigan in the length of its Great Lakes coastline.威斯康辛西部以北部高地、西部高地和部分中央大平原构成，低地延伸至密歇根湖畔。威斯康辛州的湖岸线总长仅次于加拿大安大略省和密歇根州，排名第三。During the 19th and early 20th centuries, many European settlers entered the state, many of whom emigrated from Germany and Scandinavia. Like neighboring Minnesota, the state remains a center of German American and Scandinavian American culture. The state is one of the nation's leading dairy producers and is known a 'America's Dairyland', it is particularly famous for its cheese.19至20世纪早期，许多欧洲移民来到威斯康辛定居，大多数都是德国人和斯堪的纳维亚人；与相邻的明尼苏达州一样，如今的威斯康辛以德裔和北欧裔美国文化为主。威斯康辛也是美国主要的乳制品生产地，被誉为“美国的乳制品之乡”，当地产的奶酪尤为出名。五、怀俄明图片
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Wyoming is a state in the Mountain West region of the United States. The 10th largest state by area, it is also the least populous and least densely populated state in the contiguous United States. It is bordered by Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to the south. The state capital and the most populous city is Cheyenne.怀俄明州位于美国西部山区，面积位居第十，是美国大陆人口数量及密度最少的州。怀俄明北部和西北部毗邻蒙大拿、东邻南达科他和内布拉斯加、西邻爱达荷、西南邻犹他、南邻科罗拉多。州首府及最大城市为夏延。Wyoming's western half is mostly covered by the ranges and rangelands of the Rocky Mountains, while the eastern half of the state is high-elevation prairie called the High Plains. It is drier and windier than the rest of the country, being split between semi-arid and continental climates with greater termperature extremes.怀俄明西部以落基山脉和大草原地形为主，东半部分则是高海拔平原。相较于美国地方，怀俄明气候干燥、多风，以半干旱和大陆性气候为主，温差较大。Southwest Wyoming was claimed by the Spanish Empire and then as Mexican territory until it was ceded to the U.S. in 1848 at the end of the Mexican-American War. Wyoming was admitted to the Union in July 10, 1890, as the 44th state.怀俄明西南地区最初由西班牙帝国所控制，之后纳入了墨西哥的版图；1848年，美国赢得美墨战争，占领了这片土地。怀俄明于1890年7月10日加入联邦，成为第44个州。Wyoming's economy is driven by toursim and the extraction of minerals such as coal, natural gas, oil, and trona. Agricultural commodities include barley, hay, livestock, sugar beets, wheat, and wool. It was the first state to allow women the right to vote and become politicians, as well as the first state to elect a female governor.怀俄明经济以旅游业和采矿为主，矿物主要有煤、天然气、石油和天然碱等。当地农产品包括大麦、干草、牲畜、甜菜、小麦、羊毛等。怀俄明是第一个赋予女性投票权以及当选政客的州，也是第一个选出了女性州长的州。六、哥伦比亚特区（国会直接管辖）图片
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Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly refferred to as 'Washington', 'the District', or simply 'D.C.', is the capital of the United States.华盛顿特区是美国首都，官方名称哥伦比亚特区，简称“华盛顿”、“特区”、“华府”等。The signing of the Residence Act on July 16, 1790, approved the creation of a capital district located along the Potomac River on the country's East Coast. The U.S. Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, which included the pre-existing settlements of Georgetown and Alexandria. Named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the District. The centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court.《首都选址法案》于1790年7月16日签署，首都选址确立在了美国东海岸波托马克河畔。根据美国宪法，联邦特区由国会全权管辖，不隶属任何一个州。马里兰州以及弗吉尼亚州各自捐出了部分土地用来成立联邦特区，原属马里兰州的乔治敦以及弗吉尼亚的亚历山大也都成为了捐地的一部分。为纪念开国总统乔治·华盛顿，华盛顿市于1791年建立，成为国家首都。1846年，国会将部分土地归还给了弗吉尼亚；1871年，国会建立了直辖市政府，用以管理重新规划后的特区。此外，美国联邦政府下辖的国会、总统府和最高法院三大中央机构也都坐落于华盛顿特区。 本站仅提供存储服务，所有内容均由用户发布，如发现有害或侵权内容，请点击举报。睿迎网提示：文章来自网络，不代表本站观点。
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